Câu 1:

PTHH: \(NaOH+HCl\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\)

Ta có: \(n_{HCl}=0,2\cdot2=0,4\left(mol\right)=n_{NaOH}\)

\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,2}=2\left(M\right)\)

Câu 2: Bạn xem lại đề !!

Câu 2:

PTHH: \(NaOH+HCl\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\)

Ta có: \(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{200\cdot10\%}{40}=0,5\left(mol\right)=n_{HCl}\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,5\cdot36,5}{3,65\%}=500\left(g\right)\)

Câu 3:

\(NaHCO_3+HCl\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O+CO_2\uparrow\)

\(Ca\left(OH\right)_2+HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+H_2O\)

\(Na_2CO_3+2HCl\rightarrow2NaCl+H_2O+CO_2\uparrow\)

\(Fe_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2FeCl_3+3H_2O\)

\(Al_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2O\)

*Các chất trên tác dụng tương tự với H₂SO₄ loãng 

Bonus:  \(Ba\left(NO_3\right)_2+H_2SO_4\rightarrow BaSO_4\downarrow+2HNO_3\)

\(n_{Na_2CO_3}=\dfrac{21,2}{106}=0,2mol\)

\(Na_2CO_3+2HCl\rightarrow2NaCl+H_2O+CO_2\uparrow\)

0,2                0,4

\(m_{HCl}=0,4\cdot36,5=14,6\left(g\right)\)

\(\%C=\dfrac{14,6}{200}\cdot100\%=7,3\%\)

a) nNa2CO3= 21,2/106= 0,2(mol)

PTHH: Na2CO3 + 2 HCl -> 2 NaCl + H2O + CO2

b) nCO2= nNa2CO3= 0,2(mol)

=> V(CO2, đktc)= 0,2. 22,4= 4,48(l)

c) mddHCl= 1,5 . 300= 450(g)

mddsau= 450 + 21,2 - 0,2. 44= 462,4(g)

nNaCl= 2. 0,2= 0,4(mol)

=> mNaCl= 0,4. 58,5= 23,4(g)

=> C%ddNaCl= (23,4/ 462,4).100 ≈≈ 5,061%

\(Na_2CO_3+2HCl->2NaCl+H_2O+CO_2\)

0,2...............0,4

n Na2CO3 = \(\dfrac{21,2}{23.2+12+16.3}=0,2mol\)

m HCl tan = 0,4. 36,5=14,6 g 

%HCl = \(\dfrac{14,6}{300}.100\sim4,86\%\)

1) Gọi dd HCl 18,25% là dd HCl (1)

Gọi dd HCl 13% là dd HCl (2)

Giả sử trộn a lít dd HCl (1) với b lít dd HCl (2) để thành dd HCl 4,5M

\(m_{dd.HCl.\left(1\right)}=1,2.1000a=1200a\left(g\right)\)

=> \(n_{HCl.trong.dd.\left(1\right)}=\dfrac{1200a.18,25\%}{36,5}=6a\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{dd.HCl.\left(2\right)}=1,123.1000b=1123b\left(g\right)\)

=> \(n_{HCl.trong.dd.\left(2\right)}=\dfrac{1123b.13\%}{36,5}=4b\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{HCl\left(tổng\right)}=6a+4b\left(mol\right)\)

V_{dd sau khi pha} = a + b (l)

=> \(C_M=\dfrac{6a+4b}{a+b}=4,5M\)

=> 6a + 4b = 4,5a + 4,5b

=> 1,5a = 0,5b

=> a : b = 1 : 3

2) 

Gọi khối lượng Na₂CO₃ trong dd bão hòa là a (g)

Có: \(S=\dfrac{a}{263,6-a}.100=31,8\left(g\right)\)

=> a = 63,6 (g)

=> n_H2O(bđ) = 200 (g)

Giả sử số mol Na₂CO₃.6H₂O là x (mol)

=> m_{Na2CO3(sau khi hòa tan)} = 63,6 + 106x (g)

m_{dd(sau khi hòa tan)} = 263,6 + 214x (g)

\(C\%_{dd.sau.khi.hòa.tan}=\dfrac{63,6+106x}{263,6+214x}.100\%=34,13\%\)

=> x = 0,8 (mol)

=> m_Na2CO3.6H2O = 0,8.214 = 171,2 (g)

Ta có: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)

___0,2____________0,2_____0,3 (mol)

Có: m _{dd sau pư} = m_Al + m _{dd HCl} - m_H2 = 5,4 + 200 - 0,3.2 = 204,8 (g)

\(\Rightarrow C\%_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{0,3.133,5}{204,8}.100\%\approx13,037\%\)

⇒ Đáp án: B

Bạn tham khảo nhé!

PTHH: \(CuO+2HCl\rightarrow CuCl_2+H_2O\)

            \(CuCl_2+2KOH\rightarrow2KCl+Cu\left(OH\right)_2\downarrow\)

a+b) Ta có: \(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{8}{80}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=0,2\left(mol\right)=n_{KOH}\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,2\cdot36,5}{300}\cdot100\%\approx2,43\%\\C_{M_{KOH}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,2}=1\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

c) PTHH: \(Cu\left(OH\right)_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}CuO+H_2O\)

Theo các PTHH: \(n_{CuO\left(lý.thuyết\right)}=n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{Cu}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{CuO}=0,1\cdot95\%=0,095\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{CuO}=0,095\cdot80=7,6\left(g\right)\)

a, \(Fe_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2FeCl_3+3H_2O\)

\(FeCl_3+3KOH\rightarrow3KCl+Fe\left(OH\right)_{3\downarrow}\)

\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=6n_{Fe_2O_3}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=0,6.36,5=21,9\left(g\right)\)

b, \(n_{Fe\left(OH\right)_3}=n_{FeCl_3}=2n_{Fe_2O_3}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe\left(OH\right)_3}=0,2.107=21,4\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{KOH}=3n_{FeCl_3}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{KOH}}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,2}=3\left(M\right)\)

N a 2 C O 3  + 2HCl → C O 2 ↑ + H 2 O + 2NaCl

1 mol          2 mol

⇒ n H C l  = 2,4. 10 - 3 .2 = 4,8. 10 - 3 mol

Trong 30 ml dd HCl chứa 4,8. 10 - 3  mol HCl

Trong 1000 ml dd HCl chứa

⇒ [HCl] = 0,16 mol/l

\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{150.9,8\%}{98}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ H_2SO_4+Na_2CO_3\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+H_2O+CO_2\\ n_{Na_2CO_3}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{ddNa_2CO_3}=\dfrac{0,15.106}{10,6\%}=150\left(g\right)\\ n_{CO_2}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ m_{ddsaupu}=150+150-0,15.44=293,4\left(g\right)\\ n_{Na_2SO_4}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ C\%_{Na_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,15.142}{293,4}.100=7,26\%\)